Our research is important because it bridges the gap between theory and observations. The team suggest this is caused by a geometric projection effect, which is likely to occur in all broken discs. So although the inside disc kept turning in the same direction, its shadow looked like it was rocking forwards and backwards.
But instead of the shadow pattern moving around the disc like a clock-hand as expected, it rocked back and forth with a see-saw-like motion. The team then produced a mock observation, modelling what such a disc would look like if it were to be observed through a telescope, and how it would change over time.Īs the inner disc moved through the gravitational pull of the central star, the shadow it cast moved across the outer disc. In this research, the team used high performance computers to run three-dimensional simulations of a broken disc. From this shadow pattern, it can be inferred that the inner part of the disc is oriented completely differently to the outer part, in what is called a broken disc. Some of the discs seen by ALMA have shadows on them, where the part of the disc closest to the star blocks some of the stellar light and casts a shadow onto the outer part of the disc. However, recent telescope images from the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) show that this is not always the case.
Protoplanetary discs are often thought to be shaped like dinner plates - thin, round and flat. This swirling mass of gas and dust is called a protoplanetary disc, and it's where planets like the Earth are born. The leftover material that doesn't make it into the star ends up circling around it, not unlike how water swirls around the drain before falling in. Stars are born when a large cloud of gas and dust collapses in on itself.
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